Tips Belajar Matematika, Fisika dan Kimia (Mafia)

Tips Agar Bisa Menguasai Mata Pelajaran Matematika, Fisika dan Kimia (Mafia)

Salam Mafia Hunter!! Jaya!!

Berikut kami sajikan tips untuk para Mafia Hunter agar siap menghadapi Ujian Nasional (UN). Kami sebut mafia hunter (pemburu mafia) untuk para fans mafia, karena kami sedang memburu yang namanya matematika, fisika, dan kimia (mafia). Kok diburu? Ya harus diburu karena mafia dianggap mata pelajaran momok yang menakutkan, jadi harus diburu agar tidak jadi menakutkan melainkan menyenangkan. Adapun berikut tipsnya agar bisa menaklukan si Mafia adalah:

1.       Berdoa

Ingat sebelum melakukan kegiatan yang namanya belajar terlebih dahulu melakukan kegiatan do’a menurut agama dan kepercayaannya masing-masing. Pengalaman seseorang yang saya temui (kisah nyata), dia berkata kepada saya, “saya ini siswa yang paling bodoh dikelas” akan tetapi saya rajin sembahyang dan berdoa. Teman saya yang lebih pintar dari saya tidak naik kelas tetapi saya naik kelas”. Ini menandakan dengan sering sembahyang maka faktor keberuntungan akan lebih berpihak kepada anda.

Jadikanlah ibadah itu sebagai kebutuhan pokok anda, bukan dijadikan sebagai kewajiban. Jika dijadikan sebagai kewajiban maka anda melakukan kegiatan ibadah secara terpaksa bukan secara iklas. Ini juga diungkapkan oleh guru PPKn saya (Pak Catra) waktu saya SMA, beliau berkata “Jadikanlah ibadah itu sebagai kebutuhan anda, jangan jadikan ibadah tersebut sebagai kewajiban” layaknya nasi yang menjadi kebutuhan pokok kita sehari-hari.Spesial thank to Mr. Catra!

2.       Rutin

Jangan belajar pada saat menjelang ulangan atau menjelang ujian saja.Lakukan kegiatan belajar setiap hari minimal 30 menit/mata pelajaran setiap hari. Karena belajar pada saat menjelang ujian atau ulangan maka saya yakin otak anda akan Ngeblank. Berbeda dengan belajar rutin, akan membuat kita lebih bnyak mengingat pelajaran yang kita pelajari, karena sering dipejari dan dilatih.

Ini ada ungkapan dari guru fisika saya (Pak Sweta) waktu saya SMA, beliau berkata “Adapaun keberhasilan seseorang 80% ditentukan karena disiplin dan 20% karena IQ”. Itu menandakan jika anda ingin berhasil belajar mafia maka anda harus disiplin waktu. Jadi belajar mafia tidak hanya untuk orang yang pintar hitung-hitungan atau memiliki IQ yang tinggi. Belum tentu orang yang pintar akan berhasil belajar mafia jika dalam hidupnya tidak dislpin. Spesial thank to Mr. Sweta!

Banyak siswa yang mengalami stres atau pingsan pada saat menjelang UN, hal ini diebabkan karena dia belum siap menghadpi UN. Cara yang paling ampuh menghadpi UN adalah belajar dan berlatih dengan rutin (disiplin). Saya yakin 99% dengan belajar rutin Anda akan siap menghadapi UN dan pasti Anda lulus UN.

3.       Jangan menyerah

Jika menemukan soal-soal yang sulit jangan langsung menyerah.Kerjakan terus soal itu sampai dapat jawabannya.Walaupun pada akhirnya belum ketemu juga hasilnya.Cari jalan terakhir yaitu bertanya kepada orang yang lebih tahu atau lebih paham terhadap soal tersebut (misalnya: kakak tingkat, guru, atau orang tua). Kebanyakan orang malas belajar mafia karena mereka macet pada saat mengerjakan soal-soalmafia. Dalam belajar mafia kita akan dihadapkan dengan soal-soal yang lumayan memeras otak. Akan tetapi kita jangan menyerah dengan soal tersebut. Kita harus taklukan soal tersbut. Sebuah kebanggaan bagi kita bila kita mampu menaklukan soal-soal mafia yang sangat sulit.

4.       Latihan

Belajar MAtematika, FIsika dan kimiA (MAFIA)tersebut tidak hanya dilihat dan dibaca saja, akan tetapi kerjakanlahsoal-soal tersebut. Minimal dalam satu hari harus menyelasikan dua soal/mata pelajaran, kalaupun lebih dari dua soal dalam satu hari sangatlah bagus. Misal: jika dalam satu tahun ada 365 hari maka dalam satu tahun anda sudah mengerjakan 730 soal/mata pelajaran.Biasanya UN diadakan pada bulan Mei tahun ke tiga atau kurang lebih 850 hari sejak kalian mulai sekolah, maka anda sudah mengerjakan 1700 soal/mata pelajaran mejelang UN. Jadi saya yakin anda akan siap menghadapi UN jika anda sudah mengerjakan kurang lebih 1700 soal. Jadi kalian tidak perlu repot-repot mencari kunci jawaban ke sana kemari atau tidak perlu membawa hape pada saat ujian. Bahkan tidak perlu sampai membayar jutaan rupiah untuk membeli kunci jawaban UN.

5.       Bertahap

MAFIA merupakan mata perlajaran yang saling berkaitan satu sama yang lainnya. Jadi kalian harus mempelajarinya secara bertaha,misalnya dalan mata pelajaran fisika, kalau kalian ingin menguasai konsep percepatan, terlebih dahulu kalian harus menguasai konsep kecepatan. Konsep kecepatan kalian akan dikuasai jika kalian sudah paham konsep perpindahan. Jadi kalian harus kuasai terlebih dahulu konsep dasar dari pelajaran tersebut.

6.       Jangan Dilupakan

Kesalahan yang paling fatal dalam belajar MAFIA adalah materi yang sudah dipahami pada semester sebelumnya akan dilupakan pada semester berkutnya. Jadi disini perlu dilakukan pembukaan memori jangka panjang. Materi yang sebelummnya dipahami dan agar tidak lupa maka perlu lagi baca-baca ulang dan lakukan latihan mengerjakan soal-soal (pengayaan) agar ingat lagi dan terus berada dalam memori jangka panjang. Tapi kalau kalian sudah paham konsep dan prinsipnya serta sering latihan mengerjakan soal-soal mafia. Saya yakin konsep tersebut akan nyantul diotak kalian selamanya, walaupun lupa sedikit-sedikit, kalau sudah dibangkitkan lagi memorinya pasti akan ingat lagi. Caranya dengan baca ulang lagi materi tersebut.

For Mafia Hunter:

Selamat bersenang ria dengan Si Mafia !!

Semoga berhasil !!

Mafia!! Jaya!!

 

'Shape-ups' shoemaker fined $40 million; FTC cites bogus fitness claims

Washington (CNN) -- For overweight Americans, and those looking for a healthier lifestyle, the claim was almost too good to be true -- wear Skechers Shape-ups footwear and watch the pounds melt away. At a news conference Wednesday, the Federal Trade Commission said the shoemaker's claims weren't true and alleged Skechers violated federal law by misleading consumers.

According to the FTC, Skechers agreed to pay a hefty $40 million fine to settle charges the California-based company deceived consumers by making "unfounded claims that Shape-ups would help people lose weight, and strengthen and tone their buttocks, legs and abdominal muscles."

The company enlisted high profile celebrities Kim Kardashian and Brooke Burke to sell the shoes.

Besides Shape-ups, Skechers also made deceptive claims about other products including Resistance Runner, Toners and Tone-up shoes, the FTC alleges.

"Skechers' unfounded claims went beyond stronger and more toned muscles. The company even made claims about weight loss and cardiovascular health," said David Vladeck, director of the FTC's Bureau of Consumer Protection.

As part of the settlement, customers who bought Skechers "toning" shoes will be eligible for refunds either directly from the FTC or through a court-approved class action lawsuit, officials said.

Wednesday's announcement was the culmination of a months-long investigation involving the FTC and attorneys general from 44 states and the District of Columbia.

FTC officials highlighted a Skechers television ad featuring the endorsement of chiropractor Dr. Steven Gautreau. In the ad Gautreau cited an "independent" clinical study he conducted testing the shoes' benefits.

The FTC said the study results Gautreau promoted weren't factual, and alleged the company hid the fact that Gautreau is married to a Skechers marketing executive. The FTC also said Gautreau was compensated for his endorsement, which wasn't made clear in the commercial.

Skechers introduced Shape-ups in 2009, and sales peaked a year later. The FTC called Skechers an industry leader in the booming business of toning footwear. Estimated sales were close to $1 billion industrywide in 2010, the FTC said. The toning shoes Skechers sold cost between $60 and $100 a pair.

As part of an expensive campaign to promote the fitness benefits of Shape-ups, the company unveiled a scantly dressed Kim Kardashian peddling the shoes during the Super Bowl in 2011.

Brooke Burke's ads claimed the shoes would help improve her cousin's posture, mother's legs and give her brother a tighter core. Additionally, Burke's ad told consumers "the newest way to burn calories and tone and strengthen muscles was to tie their Shape-up shoe laces," the FTC said.

"The FTC's message, for Skechers and other national advertisers, is to shape up your substantiation or tone down your claims," Vladeck said.

Under the FTC's settlement, the company is barred from any advertising making similar claims unless it's backed up by scientific evidence.

What Skechers plans to do with the Shape-ups brand remains to be seen. An ad featuring Burke touting "the next generation of Shape-ups" remained on the company's website Wednesday morning.

According to the FTC, the commission files a complaint when it has "reason to believe" that the law has been or is being violated. The FTC says despite Skechers agreement to pay a fine, the complaint is not a court ruling or an admission that the company violated any law.

Obama awards Medal of Honor posthumously to Vietnam hero

Washington (CNN) -- President Barack Obama, in awarding an overdue posthumous Medal of Honor to a Vietnam hero Wednesday, paid tribute to soldiers who received a cold reception when they returned home from the Southeast Asian war.

"This month, we'll begin to mark the 50th anniversary of the Vietnam War," Obama said at the White House ceremony. "A time when, to our shame, the soldiers didn't receive the respect and the thanks that they deserve. A mistake that must never be repeated."

Obama, who presented Army Spc. Leslie Sabo Jr.'s medal to his widow, Rose Mary Sabo Brown, singled out Sabo's 101st Airborne Division unit, Bravo Company, as typifying selfless and patriotic service by Vietnam veterans.

One woman's persistence to honor military heroes

"You did your job, you served with honor, you made us proud and, as Les would have wanted it, I ask members of Bravo Company to stand and accept the gratitude of our nation," the president said.

Transcript: Obama's remarks at Medal of Honor ceremony

President Barack Obama presents the Medal of Honor to Rose Mary Sabo-Brown.

A long applause accompanied the recognition.

Sabo, of Ellwood City, Pennsylvania, was killed May 10, 1970, in Cambodia.

But it wasn't until 1999, when a 101st Airborne veteran was doing research at the National Archives, did the box with Sabo's Medal of Honor paperwork surface. That set the wheels in motion for Wednesday's eventual honor.

Four decades later, Medal of Honor for newlywed hero's sacrifice

"Today, 42 years after that sacrifice, we are setting the record straight," Obama said. "This story was almost lost to history."

He and Brown paid tribute to that researcher, Alton Mabb.

Overheard on CNN.com: Who deserves a Medal of Honor?

Brown, speaking after the ceremony, said the seven other men who died in the ambush should also be remembered as heroes.

"I know a piece of cloth and a medal won't bring him back," she said. "But my heart beams with pride for Leslie because he is finally receiving tribute for his sacrifices and bravery."

Living Marine gets Medal of Honor for bravery in Afghanistan

Sabo's heroism, near the Se San River in Cambodia, is documented by the Department of Defense:

"Even though his platoon was ambushed from all sides by a large enemy force, Sabo charged the enemy position, killing several enemy soldiers. He then assaulted an enemy flanking force, successfully drawing their fire away from friendly soldiers and ultimately forcing the enemy to retreat. While securing a resupply of ammunition, an enemy grenade landed nearby. Specialist Sabo picked it up, threw it, and shielded a wounded comrade with his own body -- absorbing the brunt of the blast and saving his comrade's life.

"Although wounded by the grenade blast, Sabo continued to charge the enemy's bunker. After receiving several serious wounds from automatic weapons fire, he crawled toward the enemy emplacement and, when in position, threw a grenade into the bunker. The resulting explosion silenced the enemy fire, but also ended Specialist Sabo's life."

The Medal of Honor: What is it?

Sabo was born in Europe to a family of Hungarian refugees.

He and his bride spent just 30 days together in the fall of 1969 before he shipped out.

"We only had that one month together as a married couple," Brown said. "He left for Vietnam, and I never saw him again."

Obama, before bestowing the award, provided details of Sabo's sacrifice.

"He saved his comrades, who meant more to him than life."

Florida A&M band fraternity charter revoked after hazing investigation

(CNN) -- The Florida A&M University marching band's fraternity charter has been revoked for five years because of a hazing incident two years ago, the Kappa Kappa Psi National Fraternity said Monday.

Florida A&M President James Ammons announced Tuesday that the band would remain on suspension through the 2012-2013 academic year after another hazing that resulted in the death of a student last November.

Thirteen people have been charged in connection with the death of Robert Champion, 26, who was badly beaten during last year's incident on a band bus after a football game in Orlando.

The 28 fraternity members and alumnus members who were present during a hazing in the spring of 2010 have been expelled from the fraternity, the group said.

The school's Delta Iota chapter can apply to reactivate its charter in May 2017, it said.

by :http://edition.cnn.com

Slain driver, possible victim of phony officer, was missing wallet

(CNN) -- A man who police say may have been killed by someone posing as a police officer was missing his wallet when he was found, a family member said Wednesday.

Tom Schlender, 74, was found dead last week in his car about 1:30 a.m. in the median of an interstate highway.

A few days later, another driver, 48-year-old Lori Anne Carswell, was found dead outside her car on the shoulder of a state highway.

The shootings took place about 55 miles apart, and the victims did not know each other, authorities said.

According to bank records the family has looked up, Schlender withdrew around $600 for the trip before he left Nebraska, Schlender's son-in-law Matthew Anderson said.

Schlender's wallet was missing at the crime scene, Anderson said. The family would not indicate whether there has been any activity on Schlender's accounts since the killing.

Carswell's family declined to comment.

Because of the places where both drivers were found, and because nothing was found wrong with their cars, authorities say it's possible someone posing as a police officer may have signaled to the drivers to pull over.

The Mississippi Bureau of Investigation is asking for the public's help to find the person.

The agency was receiving leads and processing forensic evidence, bureau spokesman Warren Strain said.

John Champion, district attorney for the state's 17th District, said both shootings occurred in "very remote areas."

Authorities called on people to be careful if they are pulled over and feel uneasy.

They advise drivers to call 911 and verify that a legitimate officer is pulling them over, or drive to a well-lit, crowded place before stopping, actions permitted under Mississippi state law.

Anderson, who lives in Ashland, Nebraska, said the family is in a state of shock.

Schlender was headed to Pensacola, Florida, to pick up one of his grandsons from college and bring him back to Nebraska for the summer.

Schlender's daughter, Tracy Anderson, called her father around 6:30 that evening, while he was on the road. He was between St. Louis, Missouri, and Memphis, Tennessee, at the time. They had a nice conversation, and nothing indicated any problems, Matthew Anderson said.

Sources: Medical report says Zimmerman had broken nose, other injuries after fight

(CNN) -- A medical report by George Zimmerman's family doctor shows the neighborhood watch volunteer was diagnosed with a fractured nose, two black eyes and two lacerations on the back of the head after his fatal confrontation with Trayvon Martin.

The medical exam, which was taken a day after Zimmerman's February 26 altercation with the unarmed 17-year-old, says Zimmerman suffered a "closed fracture" of his nose, according to two sources who have detailed knowledge of the investigation.

Zimmerman, 28, is accused of killing Martin on February 26 as the African-American teenager walked back to the Sanford, Florida, house where he was staying, after visiting a convenience store. Prosecutors have said Zimmerman, who is a white Hispanic, killed Martin unjustly after profiling him.

Zimmerman, who acknowledges shooting Martin but claims self-defense, has entered a not guilty plea in the case, which has not yet been scheduled for trial.

Zimmerman faces a second-degree murder charge in the case, which has gripped the country, caused nationwide protests and has shined a light on race relations and gun laws in Florida.

After the shooting, Zimmerman told police that Martin rushed him after they exchanged words, knocked him to the ground and repeatedly hit his head against a concrete sidewalk.

The medical report appears to lend support to Zimmerman's claims. It also mirrors earlier statements made by Zimmerman's father, brother and lawyer.

Zimmerman's brother spoke of the medical reports in a March interview with CNN's Piers Morgan.

"We're confident the medical records are going to explain all of George's medical history," Robert Zimmerman Jr. said at the time. "You return force with force when somebody assaults you. George was out of breath, he was barely conscious. George (would have been) dead if he had not acted decisively and instantaneously in that moment."

The Martin family has questions about the medical report, said Benjamin Crump, the family attorney.

"The family has very strong positions about this family physician's report that was done the next day," Crump said. "What we do know is on February 26, the ER personnel did not believe his injuries were significant enough for him to go to the hospital. They didn't even put a Band-Aid on his head. That's important."

Also Tuesday, CNN affiliate WFTV reported that Martin's autopsy showed the teen had injuries to his knuckles when he died.

That evidence could also support the theory that Martin and Zimmerman fought.

Crump also responded to that report Tuesday night.

"He was fighting for his life," he told Anderson Cooper. "Let's not forget that Trayvon Martin was fighting a man with a 9-millimeter gun. We also have to remember that he didn't start this fight. George Zimmerman got out his car and pursued Trayvon Martin."

On the night of the shooting, Zimmerman had called 911 to complain about a suspicious person in the neighborhood, according to authorities.

In the call, Zimmerman said he was following Martin after the teen started to run, prompting the dispatcher to tell him, "We don't need you to do that."

Zimmerman apparently disregarded that advice.

A timeline of the case against George Zimmerman

Sanford police initially declined to arrest Zimmerman, saying there was no evidence to contradict his claim of self-defense under Florida's "stand your ground" law, which allows people to use deadly force anywhere they feel a reasonable threat of serious injury or death.

After weeks of protests demanding his arrest, a special prosecutor appointed by Florida Gov. Rick Scott filed the second-degree murder charge against Zimmerman.

He was arrested on April 11 and briefly jailed. He has returned to hiding after his release on $150,000 bond.

Thick cloud covered Mt. Salak before Sukhoi crash

Novan Iman Santosa, The Jakarta Post, Jakarta | Sat, 05/12/2012 8:45 AM

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Tough terrain: Volunteers from the Indonesian Red Cross enter the climbing track in Cipelang, Cijeruk in the area of the Halimun Salak National Park in West Java to locate the exact crash location of the Sukhoi Superjet 100 on Friday. More than 200 joint personnel from the Indonesian military and police as well as the National Search and Rescue Agency (Basarnas) continued the evacuation process of the victims. (JP/Jerry Adiguna)Mt. Salak was covered in dark, thick clouds when the ill-fated Sukhoi Superjet 100 disappeared from radar screens on Wednesday, the National Space and Aviation Agency (LAPAN) has revealed.
Based on surveillance from MTSAT satellite, the entire volcano was covered by cloud that probably produced heavy rain, LAPAN spokeswoman Elly Kuntjahyowati said in a media release, quoting an atmosphere analysis by LAPAN’s Atmospheric Science and Technology Center.
The convection index reached 30 around Mt Salak at the time the plane disappeared – with an index of 0 being clear weather while the maximum of 50 means very heavy or extreme rain.
Based on the analysis by the Bandung-based atmospheric center, Elly said there was bad weather at Mt. Salak when the Sukhoi Superjet passed by.
The MTSAT, or Multifunctional Transport Satellite, is a series of weather and aviation-control satellites operated by the Japanese Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transportation and the Japanese Meteorological Agency.
An analysis of available data estimated that a Cumulonimbus cloud soared some 37,000 feet. or 11.2 kilometers, with a temperature of -48C at the top of the cloud formation.
“The estimation was acquired from the temperature recorded by the satellite. The temperature decreased by 6.5C for every kilometer increase in altitude,” an atmospheric technology center staff member, Krismianto, told The Jakarta Post over the phone.
He also said the analysis assumed that the surface temperature was 25C, with a cloud base of 2,000 feet.
Mt. Salak has three summits: Salak I at 2,211 meters above sea level, Salak II at 2,180 meters and Puncak Sumbul at 1,926 meters.

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Khalid Sheikh Mohammed Guantanamo hearing gets chaotic start

Khalid Sheikh Mohammed remained silent in court

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The military tribunal at Guantanamo Bay set up to prosecute the five leading 9/11 suspects has been hit by a series of disruptions on its opening day.

Khalid Sheikh Mohammed and four others accused of plotting the 2001 attacks refused to respond to questions during the nine-hour hearing.
One launched into a defiant outburst, suggesting the Americans might kill him before the end of the trial.
The five refused to enter pleas on murder and terrorism charges.
The charges, over the attacks in which 2,976 people died, can carry the death penalty.
They will now be asked again to enter pleas of guilty or not guilty at a later hearing.
'So hard' The men are being tried by a military tribunal after an attempt to transfer them to a US civilian court in 2009 failed in the face of a public outcry and Congressional opposition.
Newly introduced rules include a ban on evidence obtained under torture. But defence lawyers still say the Guantanamo trial system lacks legitimacy because of restricted access to their clients.
The defendants are accused of planning and executing the attacks of 11 September 2001, which saw hijacked planes strike New York, Washington and Shanksville, Pennsylvania.
A small number of victims' relatives attended Saturday's hearing at the military complex.

Khalid Sheikh Mohammed has claimed responsibility for planning the 9/11 attacks

Self-proclaimed 9/11 "mastermind" Khalid Sheikh Mohammed is being tried with Waleed bin Attash, Ramzi Binalshibh, Ali Abd al-Aziz Ali and Mustafa Ahmad al-Hawsawi.
The arraignment hearing - in which the defendants are read the charges against them - was first delayed when Waleed bin Attash arrived in court restrained in his chair.
The restraints were later removed after defence counsel had given assurances that he would "behave".
Another defendant, Ramzi Binalshibh, knelt and prayed for several minutes.
Mohammed, wearing a white turban and a flowing beard, refused to answer the judge's questions. His lawyer said he was refusing to listen to the judge in protest at his alleged torture in custody and because he believed the tribunal was unfair.
The hearing was further delayed when all the defendants refused to wear the earphones that provide translation into Arabic.
It later resumed with an Arabic translator present in court - ensuring that the accused could follow proceedings.
Ramzi Binalshibh eventually attempted to address the court. When told by the judge he could speak later he replied: "Maybe you're not going to see us any more. Maybe they will kill me and say I committed suicide."
The judge, Col James Pohl, struggled to keep the proceedings on track. "Why is this so hard?" he asked at one point.
The decision to hold a military rather than a civilian trial remains controversial and follows a lengthy legal wrangle over where the five men would face justice.
One of the defendants' lawyers, James Connell, predicted the trial would take years to complete.

Continue reading the main story

Who are the suspects?

• Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, the most high profile of the suspects, has allegedly admitted to masterminding the 9/11 attacks and others. Captured in 2003, he has been at Guantanamo Bay since 2006
• Ramzi Binalshibh, a Yemeni who allegedly helped locate flights schools for the hijackers
• Ali Abd al-Aziz Ali allegedly helped nine of the hijackers enter the US
• Mustafa Ahmad al-Hawsawi, of Saudi Arabia, is said to have helped set up some of the hijackers with money, clothes and credit cards
• Waleed bin Attash, a Yemeni, is said to have been a bodyguard to Osama Bin Laden and trained some 9/11 hijackers

• Hearing proceeds in bite-sized chunks

Torture claim

Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, who is of Pakistani origin but was born in Kuwait, was captured in Pakistan in 2003 and transferred to the Guantanamo base in Cuba in 2006.

During an earlier attempt to try him before a military tribunal in 2008, he said he intended to plead guilty and would welcome martyrdom.
In 2009 the Obama administration, which pledged to close Guantanamo, tried to move the trial to New York, but reversed its decision in 2011 after widespread opposition.
The five were eventually charged in June 2011 with offences similar to those they were accused of by the Bush administration.
The Pentagon has previously said Khalid Sheikh Mohammed admitted he was responsible "from A to Z" for the 9/11 attacks.
US prosecutors allege that he was involved with a host of other terrorist activities.
These include the 2002 nightclub bombing in Bali, Indonesia, the 1993 World Trade Center bombing, the murder of American journalist Daniel Pearl and a failed 2001 attempt to blow up an airliner using a shoe bomb.
Khalid Sheikh Mohammed has alleged that he was repeatedly tortured during his detention in Cuba.
CIA documents confirm that he was subjected to simulated drowning, known as waterboarding, 183 times.

Bigger and brighter 'supermoon' graces the night sky

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The full moon appears up to 14% larger and 30% brighter than at other times

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A "supermoon" has graced the skies, appearing bigger and brighter than usual, as it comes closer to the Earth - and is likely to bring higher tides.

The phenomenon, known as a perigee full moon, means the Moon appears up to 14% bigger and 30% brighter than when it is furthest from the planet.
The optimum effect was seen - cloud permitting - at 04:30 BST (03:30 GMT).
The Royal Astronomical Society's Dr Robert Massey said the Moon's size may be more obvious than its brightness.
"The eye is so good at compensating for changes in brightness that you simply don't notice (that element) so much," he said.
When the Moon appears at its biggest it will be just 356,400km (221,457 miles) away, compared to its usual distance from Earth of 384,000km (238,606 miles).

The supermoon is seen rising behind statues at the St Isaac's Cathedral in St Petersburg, Russia.

Dr Massey said: "When the Moon is closest to the Earth and full or new, you get an increase in the tidal pull in the ocean because the gravity of the moon and the sun line up."
He added: "The Moon is always beautiful and a full moon is always dramatic."
Scientists have dismissed the idea the perigee could cause strange behaviour - like lycanthropy - or natural disasters.
The Moon's distance from Earth varies because it follows an elliptical orbit instead of a circular one.

Greece votes in parliamentary elections

Greeks are thought to be turning away from the main parties in anger at the economic crisis

Continue reading the main story

Greece crisis

• Q&A: Greek election
• Wind of change
• Voters' voices
• Surge of far right

Greeks are voting in parliamentary polls, with the country's two mainstream parties expected to lose support to anti-austerity candidates.

The centre-left Pasok and centre-right New Democracy parties have been in coalition since last November.
They are both expected to suffer due to opposition to the austerity measures imposed by the government in exchange for international bailout funds.
No single party is expected to gain a majority.
The ability of any new government to carry on with the austerity programme will be crucial for Greece's continued access to bailout funds from the EU, the European Central Bank and the International Monetary Fund - the so-called Troika.
Any political instability may prompt fresh questions over the country's place in the eurozone.
If any new Greek government deviated from its fiscal commitments the country would have to "bear the consequences," German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schauble said.
Under the current plan, a further 11bn euros of savings in spending are due to be found in June.
Many Greeks hope pressure from the EU may be relaxed in the event of a victory for French Socialist presidential candidate Francois Hollande, who has voiced scepticism over austerity, the BBC's Mark Lowen reports from Athens. France is also due to hold elections on Sunday.
'Mass poverty' Pasok and New Democracy have dominated Greek politics since the 1970s, but many voters are disillusioned with their handling of the crisis and angry over perceived corruption, our correspondent reports.
A range of smaller parties look set to benefit, from the Communists to the anti-immigrant, far-right Golden Dawn party, he adds.
Some polls indicate that Golden Dawn could gain more than 5% of the vote and enter parliament for the first time.
In his party's closing rally on Friday, Pasok leader Evangelos Venizelos said Greeks faced a choice between continuing with the austerity programme in order to stay in the eurozone and "mass poverty".
New Democracy's leader Antonis Samaras said the Left was "playing games with the country's European future".
New Democracy is expected to emerge from the poll as the largest party, but with only around 22% of the vote.
Pasok, which has been governing in coalition with New Democracy since last November, has been in second place in opinion polls with around 18%.
Left-wing parties opposed to the terms of the bailout deal have collectively scored around 30% in opinion polls.

France election: Hollande and Sarkozy in run-off vote

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The BBC's Christian Fraser explains the French voting process

Continue reading the main story

France votes

• Who won TV debate?
• Profile: Francois Hollande
• Profile: Nicolas Sarkozy
• Q&A: Choice for voters

The people of France are voting in the second round of a presidential election expected to be crucial for the future of the country and the European Union.

In the first round, socialist Francois Hollande won 28.6% of the vote, ahead of incumbent Nicolas Sarkozy on 26.2%.
Rising unemployment and the euro crisis have dominated the campaign.
They differ sharply on the eurozone crisis. Mr Hollande wants to rework a deal brokered by President Sarkozy to tackle government debt in Europe.
Mr Hollande, hoping to become the first socialist to win a French presidential election since 1988, cast his vote on Sunday morning in the central town of Tulle, his political heartland.
"It's going to be a long day," he told reporters at the polling station. "It's up to the French people to decide if it's going to be a good day."
Mr Sarkozy, accompanied by his wife Carla Bruni, voted in a chic district in Paris but made no comment.
By midday, turnout stood at 30.66%, according to the French interior ministry.
Most polls in mainland France and Corsica close at 18:00 (16:00 GMT), but voting stations in big cities will remain open for another two hours.
On Wednesday the two rivals took part in a testy debate, watched by an estimated 17.9 million people, and continued to campaign until Friday.
Casting for votes In the final days, each stepped up his appeals to voters who backed far-right leader Marine Le Pen and centrist Francois Bayrou in the first round.
Ms Le Pen, who attracted 6.4 million voters, has said she would cast a blank ballot but called on supporters to "vote according to their conscience".
Mr Bayrou, who attracted almost 9% of the first-round vote on 22 April, said he would back Mr Hollande in the second.
The socialist candidate has also been endorsed by hard-left candidate Jean-Luc Melenchon, who won 11% of the vote.
President Sarkozy, who has been in office since 2007, has promised to reduce France's large budget deficit and to tax people who leave the country for tax reasons.

Continue reading the main story Join the BBC News website for a special election Live Page on Sunday from 17:45 GMT (19:45 French time).
BBC World News and BBC News Channel will both be broadcasting live from Paris from 17:30 GMT, and BBC World Service will begin its live election edition at 18:00 GMT.

Mr Hollande, for his part, has promised to raise taxes on big corporations and people earning more than 1m euros a year.

He wants to raise the minimum wage, hire 60,000 more teachers and lower the retirement age from 62 to 60 for some workers.
If elected, Mr Hollande would be France's first left-wing president since Francois Mitterrand, who completed two seven-year terms between 1981 and 1995.
It would also be the first time an incumbent president has lost a re-election bid in France since Valery Giscard d'Estaing in 1981.
The presidential vote will be followed by a parliamentary election in June.

Controlled Yacht 140 Billion Through iPad

Pekan lalu salah satu yachts terbaru dengan desain luar biasa yang pernah ada hingga kini diluncurkan di Zuhai Cina. Last week one of the newest yachts with exceptional designs that never existed until now launched in Zhuhai China.

Adastra, Adastra,
nama kapal itu memiliki tiga landasan–lazim disebut trimaran–dengan the name of the ship has three base-commonly referred to as a trimaran, with
bentang 136 meter. spans 136 meters. Kapal didesain untuk pelayaran panjang dan lama Designed for cruise ships and long term
keliling Pasifik. around the Pacific. Ia mampu menampung sembilan tamu dan enam awak. He was able to accommodate nine guests and six crew.
Tak hanya itu sejalan dengan perkembangan teknologi digital dan Not only is it in line with the development of digital technology and
kehadiran iPad, fungsi-fungsi kunci Adastra dapat dikontrol lewat iPad presence, key functions can be controlled by Adastra
aplikasi yang disesuaikan. customized applications.
Butuh lima tahun untuk mengembangkan It took five years to develop
hingga mewujudkan kapal tersebut. to realize the ship. Kini Adastra telah diantar ke Adastra now been delivered to
pemiliknya dengan harga Rp140 milyaran. owners at a price of Rp140 billion. Lihat foto di bawah: See photo below:

Sumber: Sources:

republika.co.id republika.co.id

Archaeologists Find Ancient Ship of Pharaoh 4500

Para arkeolog mulai menggali kapal kayu 4.500 tahun yang ditemukan dekat Piramida Agung Giza. Archaeologists began to explore 4,500 years of timber ship found near the Great Pyramids of Giza. Kapal ini diyakini membawa Fir'aun Khufu ke alam baka. The ship is believed to bring the pharaoh Khufu to the afterlife.

Kapal ini diyakini sebagai adat agama pembawa Fir'aun Khufu ke alam baka. The ship is believed to be the bearer of Pharaoh Khufu religious customs into the afterlife. Khufu yang juga dikenal sebagai Cheops ini dikreditkan sebagai pembangun Piramida Agung Giza. Khufu, also known as Cheops is credited as the builder of the Great Pyramid of Giza. Pemimpin proyek restorasi Sakuji Yoshimura dari Wasela University mengatakan, salah satu kapal dari dua kapal yang ditemukan bertuliskan nama Khufu. Restoration project leader of Wasela University Sakuji Yoshimura said, one of the ships of the two ships were found bearing the name of Khufu.
Khufu merupakan pendiri dinasti keempat di 2.680 SM dan menjadi pemimpin Mesir selama 23 tahun. Khufu was the founder of the fourth dynasty in 2680 BC and became the leader of Egypt for 23 years. Menteri Negara Barang Antik Mesir, Zahi Hawass mengakui penggalian ini 'salah satu proyek arkeologi dan konservasi terpenting dunia'. Egyptian Minister of Antiquities, Zahi Hawass admitted dig this 'one of the most important archaeological projects and conservation of the world'.
Kapal ini aslinya ditemukan pada 1954 bersama kapal lainnya yang kemudian direstorasi dan dianggap sebagai salah satu temuan besar di dataran tinggi Giza. The ship was originally discovered in 1954 along with other ships which are then restored and is regarded as one of the major findings in the Giza plateau. Para ahli mengakui kapal ini sebagai kapal tertua yang bisa bertahan hingga kini. The experts recognize this ship as the oldest ship that could survive until now.
Setelah proses penggalian selesai, ilmuwan akan membuat skema komputer kapal ini untuk membantu rekonstruksinya. After the excavation is completed, scientists will make this ship a computer scheme to help its reconstruction. Restorasi temuan ini diperkirakan memakan waktu empat tahun. Restoration of these findings is expected to take four years. Setelah selesai, seperti dilaporkan Fox News, kapal ini akan dipamerkan di Solar Boar Museum dekat Piramida Agung Giza. Once completed, as reported by Fox News, the ship will be on display at Solar Boar Museum near the Pyramids of Giza.
Sumber : Sources:
inilah.com inilah.com

Berkat Satelit 17 Piramida Baru Ditemukan Thanks to satellite 17 New Pyramid Discovered

Arkeolog asal University of Albaman, di Birmingham, Dr Sarah Parack dan timnya berhasil menganalisis gambar yang diambil dari satelit yang mengorbit 700 km diatas bumi, mengidentifikasi menggunakan pencitraan inframerah untuk menyorot bahan yang berbeda di bawah permukaan, yang diduga adalah 17 piramida yang hilang. Archaeologists from the University of Albaman, in Birmingham, Dr Sarah Parack and his team succeeded in analyzing images taken from a satellite orbiting 700 miles above the earth, identified using infrared imaging to highlight different materials under the surface, which is allegedly 17 pyramids are missing.

Tidak hanya itu saja satelit itu juga memindai 1.000 makam dan lebih dari 3.000 pemukiman kuno, yang sebelumnya memang sudah dilakukan penggalian awal sebelumnya. Not only that it also scans the satellite 1000 more than 3,000 tombs and ancient settlements, which previously had been done before beginning excavation.
Dilansir melalui BBC, satelit dengan pencitraan inframerah mampu membedakan antara batu bata lumpur Mesir kuno digunakan untuk membangun struktur dan tanah dan bumi. Launched by the BBC, satellites with infrared imaging is able to distinguish between ancient Egyptian mud bricks used to build structures and soil and earth. Batu bata lumpur tersebut lebih padat daripada tanah sekitarnya. Mud bricks are more dense than the surrounding soil.

Penginderaan satelit untuk melacak benda bersejarah bisa dilakukan lantaran warga mesir kuno membangun rumah-rumah yang terbuat dari bata lumpur. Sensing satellites to track the historical objects can be done because the citizens of the ancient Egyptians built houses made of mud brick. Struktur bangunan pun padat sehingga bentuk lancip rumah serupa piramida mudah terdeteksi. Structure was so dense pyramidal form tapered similar homes are easily detected.

“Ini merupakan situs yang dekat dengan permukaan. "This is a site that is close to the surface. Ada ribuan lainnya yang tertutup oleh endapan lumpur Sungai Nil,” kata Sarah. There are thousands of others are covered by the silt of the Nile, "says Sarah.
Sumber : Sources:
techno.okezone.com techno.okezone.com

Tips dan Trik Kesehatan, Gaya Hidup, Pelajaran Dan Lain-Lain

Mafia Online => Tips dan Trik - Berikut kami sajikan beberapa tips yang mungkin berguna bagi para pembaca dan bisa diterapkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.

Tips Pelajaran

Gaya Hidup

Kesehatan

Rupert Murdoch not fit to run business, UK lawmakers rule

London (CNN) -- Global media tycoon Rupert Murdoch is "not a fit person" to run a major international company, British lawmakers investigating phone hacking at his tabloid News of the World reported Tuesday.

The ruling could prompt British regulators to force him to sell his controlling stake in British Sky Broadcasting, a significant part of his media empire.

The damning report accused Murdoch and his son James of showing "willful blindness" to phone hacking at News of the World, and said the newspaper "deliberately tried to thwart the police investigation" into the illegal activity.

The paper's publisher, News Corp. subsidiary News International, "wished to buy silence in this affair and pay to make the problem go away," the Parliament's Culture, Media and Sport Committee found.

Ofcom, the British media regulator that could force Murdoch out of BSkyB, said it was "reading with interest" the report from Parliament.

The agency noted that it "has a duty under the Broadcasting Acts of 1990 and 1996 to be satisfied that any person holding a broadcasting license is, and remains, fit and proper to do so."

News Corp., which Rupert Murdoch leads as chairman and chief executive, accepted responsibility for some failings Tuesday but pushed back against some of the more critical remarks made by lawmakers.

"Hard truths have emerged from the Select Committee Report: that there was serious wrongdoing at the News of the World; that our response to the wrongdoing was too slow and too defensive; and that some of our employees misled the Select Committee in 2009," it said in a statement.

However, remarks made by some lawmakers after the report was issued on Tuesday were "unjustified and highly partisan," it said.

News Corp. said it had already acted on many of the failings highlighted in the report, had brought in new internal controls and is supporting police investigations into alleged wrongdoing.

Allegations of widespread illegal eavesdropping by Murdoch journalists in search of stories have shaken the media baron's News Corp. empire and the British political establishment, up to and including Prime Minister David Cameron.

Police have arrested dozens of people as part of investigations into phone hacking, e-mail hacking and police bribery, while two parliamentary committees and an independent inquiry led by Lord Justice Brian Leveson are probing the scandal.

Testifying last week before the Leveson Inquiry, Rupert Murdoch admitted that there had been a "cover-up" of phone hacking at News of the World, which ceased publication last July.

But Murdoch, who owns the Sun and the Times in London, as well as controlling The Wall Street Journal, New York Post and Fox News, said his News Corp. had been a victim of the cover-up, not the perpetrator.

"Someone took charge of a cover-up, which we were victim to and I regret," he said Thursday at the Leveson Inquiry.

He apologized for not having paid more attention to the scandal, which he called "a serious blot on my reputation."

Tuesday's report by the Culture, Media and Sport Committee is based, in part, on earlier testimony by

John Whittingdale, the chairman of the committee, said Tuesday that, while there is "no definitive evidence to prove whether or not James Murdoch was aware of ... evidence which indicated that phone hacking was widespread, the committee was nevertheless astonished that he did not seek to see the evidence."

Tom Watson, the Labour lawmaker who has long been one of the fiercest critics of Murdoch, was blistering in a news conference announcing the parliamentary findings.

"These people corrupted our country," he said. "They have brought shame on our police force and our Parliament. They lied and cheated -- blackmailed and bullied and we should all be ashamed when we think how we cowered before them for so long."

But Louise Mensch, a Conservative member of Parliament who is on the committee with Whittingdale and Watson, said the report had gone too far.

She was one of the four Conservative MPs who dissented from the amendment to the report finding that Murdoch was not a fit person to run a company.

She called the amendment "faintly ridiculous," given Murdoch's decades in the business, and accused the Labour members of the committee of pushing through a "nakedly political" statement.

"The amendments were so far out of left field they made a mockery of the whole thing," she said.

The section declaring Murdoch "not fit" passed by a vote of 6 to 4, with support from Labour and Liberal Democrat lawmakers, over opposition from Conservatives. Committee chairman Whittingdale, a Conservative, did not vote.

The report did not accuse either Murdoch of misleading Parliament, but said three of their underlings had done so in testimony to the committee.

Longtime Murdoch right-hand man Les Hinton was criticized, as were Colin Myler, the last editor of News of the World, and Tom Crone, who was the paper's lawyer for decades.

Myler and Crone "gave repeated assurances that there was no evidence that any further News of the World employee, beyond Clive Goodman, had been involved in phone-hacking," the report says. "This was not true and, as further evidence disclosed to us by the newspaper's solicitors Farrer & Co now shows, they would have known this was untrue when they made those statements. Both Tom Crone and Colin Myler deliberately avoided disclosing crucial information to the Committee and, when asked to do, answered questions falsely."

Mensch noted that Myler, the editor of the New York Daily News, "has misled a select committee of Parliament. I would hope that a little bit of attention would be paid to the unanimous findings of the committee where named individuals misled Parliament."

In a statement, Myler said he stood by the evidence that he gave the committee. "The conclusions of the Committee have, perhaps inevitably, been affected by the fragmented picture which has emerged from the various witnesses over successive appearances and by the constraints within which the Committee had to conduct its procedure," he said. "These issues remain the subject of a police investigation and the Leveson judicial inquiry and I have every confidence that they will establish the truth in the fullness of time."

The full House of Commons will have to rule on whether the three committed contempt by misleading the committee, "and, if so, what punishment should be imposed," the report says.

"It is effectively lying to Parliament," Whittingdale said. "Parliament at the end of the day is the supreme court of the land. It is a very serious matter."

BSkyB shares were up slightly in London on the news. Shares in News Corp., which is traded in New York, closed Tuesday up 2.64%.

In a statement to News Corp.'s 50,000 employees, Rupert Murdoch said the report "affords us a unique opportunity to reflect upon the mistakes we have made and further the course we have already completed to correct them."

He said that it was difficult for him to read many of its findings, "but we have done the most difficult part, which has been to take a long, hard and honest look at our past mistakes."

He continued, "We certainly should have acted more quickly and aggressively to uncover wrongdoing. We deeply regret what took place and have taken our share of responsibility for not rectifying the situation sooner."

He said News Corp. officials "have gone beyond what law enforcement authorities have asked of us, to ensure not only that we are in compliance with the law, but that we adhere to the highest ethical standards."

Rupert Murdoch said last week that if he had known the depth of the problem in 2007, when a private investigator and a Murdoch journalist were sent to prison for phone hacking, he "would have torn the place apart and we wouldn't be here today."

But he also suggested last week that key parts of the scandal have been overblown.

"The hacking scandal was not a great national thing until the Milly Dowler disclosure, half of which has been somewhat disowned by the police," Murdoch said.

He was referring to the revelation that people working for him had hacked into the voice mail of a missing 13-year-old who later turned out to have been murdered.

The Guardian newspaper originally reported that the hackers had also deleted some of the voice mails left for the girl, leading to false hopes that she was still alive and deleting them herself. In fact, the messages may have expired automatically.

Murdoch was also grilled over his media empire's back-channel lobbying of the British government and said he learned of the existence of one of the key lobbyists only "a few months ago."

He said he was "surprised" by the extent of the contact by the employee, Fred Michel, with the British government as it considered a bid by News Corp. to take full ownership of British Sky Broadcasting.

That bid collapsed because of the phone-hacking scandal.

The scandal has also forced News Corp. to pay hundreds of thousands of pounds in compensation to the victims of phone hacking.

Murdoch and his son James have been hammered over the past year about what they knew about phone hacking by people working for them.

They have always denied knowing about the scale of the practice, which police say could have affected thousands of people, ranging from celebrities and politicians to crime victims and war veterans.

CNN's Alex Mohacs, Alexander Felton Erin McLaughlin, Elaine Ly and Claudia Rebaza contributed to this report.

Life not sweet for Philippines' sugar cane child workers

By Kyung Lah, CNN

May 2, 2012 -- Updated 0230 GMT (1030 HKT)

Child Labor in sugar harvest

STORY HIGHLIGHTS

• Child labor is common practice is Philippine region of Mindanao
• Children as young as seven can work each day in sugar fields
• Philippines government plans to reduce child labor by 75% by 2015
• Some suggest cultural ties to families working together make it harder to eradicate

Editor's note: CNN International's Eye On series is visiting the Philippines. Read and watch in-depth reports from the country online and on TV until May 14.

(CNN) -- Barefoot and covered in dirt and sweat, 14-year-old Dante Campilan pulls weeds from orderly rows of sugar cane.

Wearing an oversized red cap to protect him from the scorching Philippine sun, Dante is doing work that should be reserved for men, not children.

Earning 150 pesos ($3.50) for a seven-hour day, Dante has been a child laborer in the Philippine region of Mindanao since he was seven years old. He says he does it to help his parents, but he is just one of many children who are part of an illegal economic system of child labor.

The International Labor Organization (ILO) estimates 2.4 million child workers are in the Philippines. Many of them, according to the ILO, are in rural areas working in fields and mines. The organization estimates 60% work in hazardous conditions.

Alongside Dante is 13-year-old Alvic James, who dropped out of school when he was in the first grade. Back then, he explained, his family didn't have enough money to eat. Alvic says he wants to learn to read and write but because he is needed in the fields he has no time to go to school.

When the boys turn 15 or 16, they'll move on to the more hazardous job of cutting sugar cane. That's currently the job of 16-year-old Elmar Paran, who hasn't been to school since he was a young child, sentencing him to a future in the fields.

The use of child laborers in the sugar fields of Northern Mindanao is so common that landowner Angeles Penda shrugs it off as a way of life. "The parents beg us to include their children to work," she said.

Much of the sugar produced in the fields here ends up in coffee shops, on kitchen tables and on store shelves across the world.

"We do not deny that child labor exists in our industry," said Edith Villanueva, the president and COO of the Sugar Industry Foundation. "It's a practice among families who are paid piecemeal for their work. They like to employ their children because there's more income for the families."

Villanueva said that paying workers more so they're not tempted to use their children has not worked in the past. She cites the strong cultural ties of families working together in the fields as one of the main problems.

If you don't change family attitudes and their values, then you don't change their way of life. There's a long term solution and it's really education.
Villanueva, Sugar Industry Foundation Inc

"If you don't change their attitude and their values, then you don't change their way of life. There's a long-term solution and it's really education. We feel children should want to go to school, they should be kept in school, and aware of the rights of the children, the rights of the child to go to school and the right of the child to play," she said.

The child labor problem is so overt and widespread in this region that Villanueva says the Sugar Industry Foundation and the Coca-Cola Foundation are paying to build a four-room high school that is set to open later this month.

The Coca-Cola company is one of the largest buyers of sugar in the world and the sugar factories fed by the fields of Northern Mindanao call Coca-Cola one of their main customers.

In a statement to CNN, Coca-Cola said it "does not support, encourage or endorse any form of child labor in our operations throughout our global bottling system or in our supplier network."

The company says it conducts continuous assessments of its operations to ensure strong policies and practices are in place to help avoid child labor.

In September 2010, the Coca-Cola Foundation says it joined a coalition of the local government, the ILO and private industry to remove children from sugarcane fields with the hope of eradicating child labor in the Bukidnon region.

The Philippines government has also pledged to reduce child labor by 75% by 2015.

By then Dante will be 17-years-old. It's more likely that he will have graduated to cutting sugar cane than high school.

In Afghanistan, Obama pledges cooperation, vows to 'finish the job'

Kabul, Afghanistan (CNN) -- President Barack Obama, speaking early Wednesday in Afghanistan at the tail end of a surprise visit there, discussed how the war will end and promised a steady drawdown of U.S. troops.

Obama committed to pulling 23,000 troops out of the country by the end of summer and sticking to the 2014 deadline to turn security fully over to the Afghan government. He said that NATO will set a goal this month for Afghan forces to be in the lead for combat operations next year.

"We will not build permanent bases in this country, nor will we be patrolling its cities and mountains. That will be the job of the Afghan people," the president said during a speech at Bagram Air Base.

His unannounced trip was Obama's third visit to Afghanistan since taking office. It coincided with the first anniversary of the U.S. raid that killed Osama bin Laden in neighboring Pakistan, and comes as Obama is fighting for re-election.

Hours after Obama left the country, the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force reported a loud explosion in the capital, Kabul.

Gen. Mohammad Ayoub Salangi, Kabul chief of police, told CNN it was a suicide car bomb. The blast killed five people outside a compound known as Green Village, according Sediq Seddiqi, a spokesman for Afghan Interior Ministry. An undetermined number of others also were injured.

The president promised not to keep troops in harm's way "a single day longer than is absolutely required for our national security," but promised to "finish the job" and "end this war responsibly."

Obama spoke of a "negotiated peace," and said his administration has been in direct talks with the Taliban. "We've made it clear that they can be a part of this future if they break with al Qaeda, renounce violence, and abide by Afghan laws," he said.

Finally, the president vowed: "This time of war began in Afghanistan, and this is where it will end."

Earlier in his trip, Obama and Afghan President Hamid Karzai signed an agreement outlining cooperation between their countries once the U.S.-led international force withdraws in 2014.

Some U.S. forces will remain in a post-war Afghanistan as military advisers, but both U.S. and Afghan officials have yet to decide how many troops will continue supporting the Afghan military, and for how long.

See reactions to Obama's surprise trip

At a signing ceremony for the Strategic Partnership Agreement, Obama said that neither country asked for the war that began more than a decade ago, but now they would work in partnership for a peaceful future.

"There will be difficult days ahead, but as we move forward in our transition, I'm confident that Afghan forces will grow stronger; the Afghan people will take control of their future," Obama said.

Addressing a concern in Afghanistan that the United States will abandon the country once its troops leave, Obama said, "With this agreement, I am confident that the Afghan people will understand that the United States will stand by them."

He later added that the United States "did not come here to claim resources or to claim territory. We came here with a very clear mission to destroy al Qaeda," referring to the terrorist organization responsible for the September 11, 2001, attacks.

Obama's address came nine years to the day after then-President George W. Bush delivered his "Mission Accomplished" speech aboard the aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln, announcing the end of major combat operations in Iraq.

Karzai offered his thanks to the American people for helping Afghanistan, and the presidents shook hands after signing the document in the atrium of the King's Residence, part of the Presidential Palace in Kabul.

"This agreement will close the season of the past 10 years and is going to open an equal relationship season. With the signing of this agreement, we are starting a phase between two sovereign and independent countries that will be based on mutual respect, mutual commitments and mutual friendship," Karzai said.

Obama warned the Afghan people and, later, U.S. troops he met with, of difficult days ahead. In remarks to troops at Bagram, Obama sounded emotional as he said that soldiers could see friends get hurt or killed as the mission winds down.

"There's going to heartbreak and pain and difficulty ahead, but there's a light on the horizon because of the sacrifices you've made," he said.

The security risks in Afghanistan were evident from the secretive nature and timing of the trip. Obama landed in Afghanistan in the cover of darkness, and the signing ceremony occurred in the late evening.

Back in the United States, politicians reacted to the president's visit -- some with praise, others claiming it was politically motivated.

Presumptive GOP presidential nominee Mitt Romney said, "I am pleased that President Obama has returned to Afghanistan. Our troops and the American people deserve to hear from our president about what is at stake in this war. Success in Afghanistan is vital to our nation's security. It would be a tragedy for Afghanistan and a strategic setback for America if the Taliban returned to power and once again created a sanctuary for terrorists."

Sen. James Inhofe, R-Oklahoma, was less supportive.

"Clearly, this trip is campaign-related. We've seen recently that President Obama has visited college campuses in an attempt to win back the support of that age group since he has lost it over the last three years. Similarly, this trip to Afghanistan is an attempt to shore up his national security credentials, because he has spent the past three years gutting our military," he said in a statement.

The Strategic Partnership Agreement provides a framework for the U.S.-Afghanistan partnership for the decade after the U.S. and allied troop withdrawal, according to senior administration officials who briefed reporters on the flight.

Specific levels of U.S. forces and funding are not set in the agreement and will be determined by the United States in consultation with allies, the officials said on condition of not being identified.

Noting the anniversary of the bin Laden mission, the officials called it a resonant day for the Afghan and American people.

More than 130,000 troops from 50 countries serve in Afghanistan, according to the NATO-led International Security and Assistance Force. The United States is the biggest contributor, providing about 90,000 troops, followed by the United Kingdom (9,500), Germany (4,800) and France (3,600).

The war that began in 2001 is increasingly unpopular in the United States, with the latest CNN/ORC International poll in late March showing 25% of respondents supporting it and 72% opposing it.

More than 2,700 troops from the United States and its partners have died in the war, the majority of them American.

In 2011, the United States outlined its plan to withdraw its troops from Afghanistan by the end of 2014. The move was followed by withdrawal announcements by most of the NATO nations.

Last week, Afghan National Security Adviser Rangin Daftar Spanta and U.S. Ambassador Ryan Crocker initialed a text that outlined the kind of relationship the two countries want in the decade following the NATO withdrawal.

The deal had been long expected after Washington and Kabul found compromises over the thorny issues of "night raids" by U.S. forces on Afghan homes and the transfer of U.S. detainees to Afghan custody.

It seeks to create an enduring partnership that prevents the Taliban from waiting until the U.S. withdrawal to try to regain power, the senior administration officials said.

Obama visited Afghanistan in March 2010 and returned in December of the same year. He also visited Afghanistan in 2008 as a presidential candidate.

CNN's Tom Cohen, Barbara Starr, Keating Holland, Nick Paton Walsh and journalist Masoud Popalzai contributed to this report.